Ingredients

Vegetable glycerin is a colorless, odorless liquid derived from plant oils, known for its moisturizing and hydrating properties as a humectant. It serves as a quick energy source by metabolizing into glucose and supports gut health by acting as a prebiotic. Generally safe, it may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort in large doses and should be used cautiously by certain populations.

Vegetable-grade Magnesium Stearate is a compound derived from magnesium and stearic acid, commonly used as a lubricant in supplement and pharmaceutical manufacturing to ensure even powder flow. It releases magnesium ions in the digestive system, supporting over 300 enzymatic reactions vital for muscle, nerve, and bone health, as well as energy production and nutrient metabolism. Generally safe in typical supplement amounts, it may cause mild gastrointestinal issues or interact with some medications, so consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended for personalized use.

Vegetable magnesium stearate is a compound combining magnesium and stearic acid, used primarily as a lubricant in supplement and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Magnesium is essential for over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body, supporting muscle function, nerve transmission, energy production, and metabolic health, while stearic acid aids nutrient absorption. It offers benefits such as improved energy, muscle recovery, reduced inflammation, and mental health support, but excessive intake or certain health conditions require caution.

Vegetable stearate is a fatty acid derived from plant sources like palm or coconut oil, commonly used as a lubricant in supplement and tablet manufacturing. It supports digestive health by enhancing nutrient absorption and may have anti-inflammatory effects in the gut, promoting better overall wellness. Generally safe, it should be used with caution in individuals with sensitivities or those on medications.

Vegetable stearic acid is a plant-derived saturated fatty acid found in sources like cocoa butter and shea butter. It supports cell membrane integrity, helps regulate inflammation and metabolism, and does not raise LDL cholesterol like other saturated fats, making it beneficial for cardiovascular health. While generally safe, moderation is key to avoid weight gain and potential interactions with certain health conditions or medications.

Vegetable wax is a natural, plant-derived ingredient known for its protective and moisturizing properties, primarily supporting skin barrier function and hydration. It also influences lipid metabolism and exhibits antioxidant effects, contributing to cardiovascular and metabolic health. Generally safe, it should be used with caution by individuals with sensitivities or those on certain medications.

Vegetarian capsules, made from cellulose and water, provide a plant-based alternative to gelatin capsules, catering to vegan and vegetarian dietary needs. They effectively dissolve in the digestive tract to release nutrients, ensuring optimal absorption and bioavailability. These capsules are allergen-free, sustainable, and support ethical health choices without compromising nutrient delivery.

Vegetarian cellulose is a natural dietary fiber derived from plant cell walls that supports digestive health by regulating bowel movements and promoting beneficial gut bacteria. It aids in blood sugar control, weight management, and overall gut health, making it a valuable addition to vegetarian and plant-based diets. While generally safe, it should be introduced gradually and consumed with sufficient water to avoid gastrointestinal discomfort.

Veggie capsules made from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and pectin provide a plant-based, hypoallergenic alternative to gelatin capsules, suitable for vegetarians and vegans. HPMC offers a stable, controlled-release delivery system for nutrients, while pectin supports digestive health and gut microbiome balance. These capsules enhance nutrient absorption and contribute to overall health, though users should be mindful of potential interactions with medications and allergies.

Victoza (liraglutide) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication used primarily to manage type 2 diabetes and support weight loss by mimicking the hormone GLP-1 to regulate blood sugar and appetite. It offers benefits beyond glucose control, including cardiovascular protection and potential neuroprotective effects. While generally well-tolerated, it carries moderate risks such as gastrointestinal side effects and specific contraindications requiring careful medical supervision.

Vinpocetine is a synthetic derivative of the periwinkle plant known for enhancing cerebral blood flow and cognitive function. It supports memory, attention, and neuroprotection, making it beneficial for age-related cognitive decline and stroke recovery. While generally safe, it requires caution in individuals with bleeding disorders or those on blood-thinning medications.

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble essential vitamin vital for vision, immune function, and skin health. It exists as preformed vitamin A in animal products and provitamin A carotenoids in plants, supporting processes like rhodopsin synthesis for low-light vision and immune cell antibody production. While beneficial for reducing infection risk, improving skin, and possibly lowering certain cancer risks, excessive intake can cause toxicity and adverse interactions with some medications.

Vitamin B1, or thiamine, is essential for energy metabolism and nervous system function, aiding in carbohydrate conversion to energy and neurotransmitter synthesis. It supports cognitive function, cardiovascular health, and may help manage blood sugar and neurodegenerative conditions. While generally safe, excessive supplementation can cause mild side effects and interactions, so consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended.

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient crucial for nerve health, red blood cell formation, and DNA synthesis. It is primarily found in animal-based foods and is vital for energy metabolism and cognitive function. While generally safe with low toxicity risk, certain conditions and medications can affect its absorption and efficacy, making monitoring important for optimal health.

Vitamin B12 as Methylcobalamin is an essential nutrient crucial for red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, and nervous system function. It supports energy metabolism, cognitive function, and nerve health, with superior bioavailability compared to other B12 forms. While generally safe, excessive intake may cause mild side effects and it can interact with certain medications, so medical consultation is advised before supplementation.

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and nervous system function. It supports energy metabolism, cognitive health, and cardiovascular health by lowering homocysteine levels. While generally safe, excessive supplementation may pose risks for individuals with kidney disease and can interact with certain medications.

Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin) is a vital nutrient essential for neurological function, red blood cell formation, and DNA synthesis. It acts as a coenzyme in critical biochemical reactions supporting methylation and nerve cell energy metabolism, promoting brain health and systemic energy. Supplementation is especially important for those with absorption issues, vegetarians, and older adults, with a generally low risk profile but some considerations for medication interactions and folate deficiency masking.

Vitamin B1, or thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and nervous system function. It helps convert carbohydrates into energy and supports neurotransmitter synthesis, benefiting cognitive function, mood, and cardiovascular health. While generally safe, excessive supplementation may cause mild side effects, and certain medical conditions or medications can affect thiamine levels.

Vitamin B2, or riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy production and cellular function by aiding metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. It supports antioxidant defenses, healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system function, and may contribute to neurological health and cardiovascular risk modulation. Generally safe with low toxicity risk, it is vital for maintaining overall vitality and metabolic efficiency.

Vitamin B2, or riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy production, metabolism, and antioxidant defense. It supports healthy skin, eyes, nerve functions, and may reduce migraine frequency and cardiovascular risk by lowering homocysteine levels. Generally safe, it is best obtained through diet or supplementation under medical advice to avoid interactions with certain medications.

Vitamin B3, or niacin, is a vital nutrient essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and maintaining healthy skin, nerves, and digestion. It supports cardiovascular health by improving cholesterol profiles and may have neuroprotective effects. While generally safe at recommended doses, high doses can cause side effects like flushing and liver toxicity, so medical supervision is advised for supplementation.

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cardiovascular health. It helps convert food into energy and supports healthy skin, nerves, and digestion. While generally safe at recommended doses, high intake can cause flushing and liver issues, so medical supervision is advised for supplementation.

Vitamin B3, also known as niacin or nicotinamide, is essential for energy metabolism, skin health, brain function, and cardiovascular support. It acts as a precursor to NAD+, a coenzyme critical for cellular energy production and DNA repair. While generally safe at recommended doses, excessive supplementation can cause side effects such as flushing and liver toxicity, and it may interact with certain medications.

Vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and synthesis of key molecules like coenzyme A and acetylcholine. It supports energy production, skin health, and cognitive function, with deficiency being rare but impactful. Generally safe with low toxicity, it is important for metabolic wellness and can be supplemented when dietary intake is insufficient.